Operand Folding Hardware Multipliers

This paper describes a new accumulate-and-add multiplication algorithm. The method partitions one of the operands and re-combines the results of computations done with each of the partitions. The resulting design turns-out to be both compact and fast. When the operands' bit-length $m$ is 1024, the new algorithm requires only $0.194m+56$ additions (on average), this is about half the number of additions required by the classical accumulate-and-add multiplication algorithm ($\frac{m}2$)

Introduction

This introduction surveys the prospects for developing a systematic comparative approach to Austronesian syntax and outlines the benefits of such an approach for syntactic theory. We begin with a brief overview of Austronesian languages, focusing on some typologically unusual aspects of their grammar, and the theoretical explanations that have been proposed for these features. We then survey the articles in the rest of this volume and the theoretical questions they address. A novel feature of this special issue is that each article is followed by a commentary by another Austronesian linguist which engages the same issues from a different perspective. The pairings of article and commentary should give readers a window into the study of Austronesian syntax and its current contributions to linguistic theory.Linguistic

Identifiability and Null Objects in Chamorro

Proceedings of the Tenth Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society (1984), pp. 116-13

Development of a low-cost absorbent pad test for the detection of Escherichia coli in contaminated drinking water

Diarrheal disease kills 18 million people each year, mostly children under the age of 5 in developing countries. Inadequate sanitation and access to improved drinking water are major correlates of water borne disease (WHO 2005). There is a compelling need for inexpensive, portable drinking water quality monitoring technology for resource poor and disaster settings. A simple, low-cost absorbent pad test to detect E. coli is in development to meet this need. The test is currently capable of enumerating a pure culture. E. coli at concentrations between 10-1000 CFU per 100 mL in high quality surface water. Test results are not significantly different from US EPA approved methods under these conditions. Mixed bacterial populations such as those found in environmental water samples currently pose a considerable challenge to the ability of the test to accurately enumerate E. coli throughout the range of concentrations necessary to adequately assess drinking water safety.Master of Science in Public Healt

Dialkyl phosphate metabolites of organophosphorus in applicators of agricultural pesticides in Majes – Arequipa (Peru)

BACKGROUND: Organophosphorus (OPs) pesticides are the most commonly used pesticides in Peruvian agriculture. The population at risk for OPs exposure includes formulators, applicators and farmers. Majes Valley is the most important agricultural center of the Southern region of Peru. The present study was aimed to determine the knowledge about using OPs, safety practice and urinary dialkylphosphate metabolites on OP applicators in the Majes Valley, Peru. METHODS: This study was based on a questionnaire which included socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge of safety practices to handling OPs, characteristics of pesticide application and use of protective measures to avoid pesticide contamination. Exposure was assessed by measuring six urinary OP metabolites (DMP, DMTP, DMDTP, DEP, DETP, and DEDTP) by gas chromatography using a single flame photometric detector. The sample consisted of 31 men and 2 women aged 20 – 65 years old. RESULTS: 76% of applicators had at least one urinary dialkylphosphate metabolite above the limit of detection. The geometric mean (GM) and the geometric standard deviation (GSD) of DMP and DEP were 5.73 ug/g cr. (GSD 2.51), and 6.08 ug/g cr. (GSD 3.63), respectively. The percentage of applicators with detectable DMP, DMDTP, and DMTP in urine was 72.72%, 3.03%, and 15.15%, respectively, while the corresponding figures for DEP, DETP, and DEDTP were 48.48%, 36.36% and 15.15%, respectively. There was no significant association between the use of protection practices and the absence of urine OPs metabolites suggesting inadequate protection practices. CONCLUSION: The pesticide applicators in Majes Valley have significant exposure to OP pesticides, probably due to inappropriate protective practices. Future work should evaluate possible health effects

Diseño y evaluación de proyectos educativos en el nivel superior (Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Sede Santo Domingo)

El presente trabajo de investigación tiene su objeto de estudio el diseño curricular y el campo de la evaluación de planes y proyectos educativos, el mismo pretendió establecer una ruta de aprendizaje de la competencia de la comunicación oral en público a los estudiantes de la Escuela de Ciencias de la Educación de la Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador – Sede Santo Domingo. Para ello se diseñó un proyecto educativo denominado “Conversatorio Pedagogía 3000”, el cual tuvo su sustento en la entrevista a 120 estudiantes de la escuela y posterior encuesta in situ a 42 estudiantes sobre el miedo escénico de hablar en público y la pertinencia de realizar este tipo de eventos pedagógicos. Las conclusiones a las que se llegó: existen limitaciones a la hora de hablar en público de parte de los estudiantes con un porcentaje de hasta el 85%, sin embargo un 43% consideró no ser necesarios este tipo de eventos, contraponiéndose a la encuesta realizada luego del conversatorio, la cual indica que un 80,95% quedo muy satisfecho con el evento.Palabras claves: Diseño curricular, conversatorio pedagogía.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21503/CienciayDesarrollo.2014.v17i2.0